graphical representation in polar coordinates of the amplitude reflection factor r, for a lossless uniform transmission line with characteristic impedance Z0:
in terms of the complex impedance Z by two families of orthogonal circles on each of which either the modulus Z or the argument θ has a constant value, where Z = Z/θ is the complex impedance in the direction of propagation of the incident wave at the point at which the amplitude reflection factor is evaluated
NOTE 1 – The Z-Theta chart may be used with impedances Z, admittances , normalized impedances or normalized admittances .
NOTE 2 – The Z-Theta chart is usually restricted to values of θ between and corresponding to positive values of the real part of Z in which case it is bounded by an outer circle where the magnitude of the amplitude reflection factor is unity.
NOTE 3 – The Z-Theta chart has the same properties and applications as those of the Smith chart, but the complex impedance Z is represented with two families of orthogonal circles on each of which either the modulus Z either the argument θ has a constant value instead of the real and imaginary parts R and X of Z used for the Smith chart.
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