Note 1 to entry: The signum can be generalized to complex variables as sgn z _ = z _ | z _ | MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbbjxAHX garuavP1wzZbItLDhis9wBH5garmWu51MyVXgarqqtubsr4rNCHbGe aGqipG0dh9qqWrVepG0dbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9LqFf0xc9q8qqaq Fn0lXdHiVcFbIOFHK8Feea0dXdar=Jb9hs0dXdHuk9fr=xfr=xfrpe WZqaaeaaciWaamGadaGadeaabaGaaqaaaOqaaKqzaeGaci4CaiaacE gacaGGUbGaaGjbVRWaaWaaaeaacaWG6baaaiabg2da9maalaaabaWa aWaaaeaacaWG6baaaaqaamaaemaabaWaaWaaaeaacaWG6baaaaGaay 5bSlaawIa7aaaaaaa@418F@ for z≠0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbbjxAHX garuavP1wzZbItLDhis9wBH5garmWu51MyVXgarqqtubsr4rNCHbGe aGqipG0dh9qqWrVepG0dbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9LqFf0xc9q8qqaq Fn0lXdHiVcFbIOFHK8Feea0dXdar=Jb9hs0dXdHuk9fr=xfr=xfrpe WZqaaeaaciWaamGadaGadeaabaGaaqaaaOqaaiaadQhacqGHGjsUju gabiaaicdaaaa@393D@ and sgn 0=0 MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aqatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbbjxAHX garuavP1wzZbItLDhis9wBH5garmWu51MyVXgarqqtubsr4rNCHbGe aGqipG0dh9qqWrVepG0dbbL8F4rqqrVepeea0xe9LqFf0xc9q8qqaq Fn0lXdHiVcFbIOFHK8Feea0dXdar=Jb9hs0dXdHuk9fr=xfr=xfrpe WZqaaeaaciWaamGadaGadeaabaGaaqaaaOqaaKqzaeGaci4CaiaacE gacaGGUbGaaGjbVlaaicdakiabg2da9KqzaeGaaGimaaaa@3D13@ .